Herbs and Spices

INTRODUCTION
Some plants are used both as a herb and a spice (coriander leaves and coriander seed, for example), while another plant may provide two different spices (nutmeg and mace are from the same fruit).
The term “herb” covers a range of leafly plants used for seasoning. Apart from several varieties of basil, mint and fresh coriander, there are other herbs such as Indian curry leaves, pandan leaf, lemon grass and the leaves of the Kaffir lime, the turmeric plant etc. Aromatics are all the other “vegetable” seasonings which are so important in regional cuisines. Some of those- chillies, garlic and ginger, for example- are known internationally. Others are considerably more esoteric, and include flowers (torch ginger), other rhizomes (turmeric, galangal and Chinese key), sour fruits such as tamarind, and nuts which are ground to form part of a seasoning or “curry” paste.

HISTORY
The cultivation and use of spices goes back to pre-historic times. India is known as “The Home of Spices”. Spices were among the first items to be traded between the East and the West. The Persians were perhaps the first traders, who transported these commodities from India and the neighbouring Molucca islands and sold them to the Phoenicians. The latter traded them all along the Mediterranean coast from Alexandria to Rome. Until the 8th century A.D., the monopoly of this trade was in the hands of Indians and Greeks. Today it seems unbelievable that once species were a royal luxury and that men were willing to risk their lives in quest of them. The fascinating history of spices, is a story of adventure, exploration, conquest and fierce naval rivalry. The magic of the spice trade lured adventures from the western world to the Indian ocean islands and brought fame to many of them such as Diaz, Da Gama, Columbus, Drake, Cavendish and Van Houtman. Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached India by sea in 1498, and his triumphant voyage intensified an international power struggle over spices. About 300 years later, several nations of western Europe- Portugal, Spain, France, Holland and Great Britain fought for the control of the spice trade. In 1605, the Dutch captured the Moluccas islands, destroying the Portuguese monopoly. Later, Britishers controlled the trade, establishing the East India Company. In the early part of the 18th century, spices introduced to many other countries of the world, especially the West Indies, Zanibar, Madagascar, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. At present, there is no scarcity or monopoly of the spices, but the vast majority of spices are still obtained from the wetter parts of the tropics, chiefly Asia. The United States is by far the largest importer of spices, and Russia, Australia, Great Britain, Canada and some European countries also import spices to a considerable extent.
There are over 70 spices which are cultivated in different parts of the world. The major spices produced by India are pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric and chilies. It earns over Rs. 3,000 million annually by export of spices. Pepper is the most important spice known as the “King of Spices”, or “Black Gold of India,” earning alone foreign exchange to the tune of Rs. 1,700 millions. Cardamom, called the “Queen of Spices” comes next, with an export of over Rs. 500 millions. Although spices are grown in much smaller units as compared to food crops, they contribute to a sizeable share in the international trade, Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharastra, Orissa, Rajasthan and Bihar are important spice growing states of India.

DEFINTION
Spices and condiments have a characteristics aroma and taste and they are widely used to season and flavour various food preparations, and in medicine, pharmaceuticals, perfumery, cosmetics and several other industries. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defined spices and condiments as “such natural...

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Hunter

The Hunter skill is unlike many other skills in-game, being based moreover on patience above training strategy or financial status. Players that have started this skill have experienced events such as tracking and catching numerous animals, most of which are newly introduced. The Hunter skill also introduced a new range of equipment, some of which includes tribal-like helms, capes, gloves, and even live animals! In order to start hunting you must buy hunting equipment from players or from hunting stores. Hunting stores are located in Yanille and Nardah (south-east of Pollnivneach).

Once you have your equipment, you’re all set to hunt. The first animals you are able to hunt are Crimson Swifts and Polar Kebbits. The Crimson Swifts are located in the Jungle Hunting Area, and the Polar Kebbits are located in the Snow Hunting Area. For more details visit their respective sections.

2.0 - Equipment
There is a lot of hunter equipment that is available from hunter stores in certain places throughout RuneScape. These include traps, snares, and different tools used to trap or provoke the creatures of Runescape.

The following table describes all of the Hunter equipment you can purchase and use from Hunter stores:

Picture Name Level Used for
Bird Snare 1 Catching hunter birds.
Noose wand 1 Catching tracking creatures.
Butterfly net 15 Catching hunter butterflies.
Butterfly jar 15 Storing hunter butterflies.
Rabbit snare 27 Catching rabbits (upon completion of Eagles’ Peak).
Box trap 27 Catching box trap creatures.
Teasing stick 31 Catching pitfall creatures.
Torch 39 For smoking traps to remove your scent. Must be lit to smoke traps.
Magic box 71 Catching imps.
Hunter Crossbow 50 * Your everyday ranging needs.

* - The Hunter Crossbow requires level 50 ranged to use, and gives +55 range attack bonus. It uses kebbit bolts, which are akin to adamant arrows in power.

3.0 - Hunter Training Areas
Scattered across RuneScape are 6 Hunting Areas. These 6 areas are the only areas in which you can train hunting on (Excluding Imps, which require 71 Hunter. These are located all around RuneScape). In these Hunting Areas players witness hunting animals. Not all hunting animals are located in the same area; hence there are 6 climates that suit each hunting animal. All hunting areas are marked by the on the Mini-map. Information about each animal and their hunting area are located below.

3.1 - Woodland
The Woodland Hunting Area is located south of the Piscatoris Fishing Colony, and north of the Tree Gnome Stronghold. Here lies most of the kebbit race, along with a few other selections of animals. Below is a chart of the animals that are within the Piscatoris Hunting Area:

Picture Name Type Level Required Experience Drop(s)
Common Kebbit Tracking 3 36 Bones, Raw Beast Meat, Common Kebbit Fur
Copper Longtails Bird Hunting 9 62 Bones, Raw Bird Meat, Orange Feathers
Ruby Harvest Butterfly Catching 15 24 Ruby Harvest
Wild Kebbit Deadfall Trapping 23 128 Bones, Kebbit Claws
Rabbit Snaring 27 144 Bones, Raw Rabbit Meat, Rabbit Foot
Ferret Box Trapping 27 115.2 Ferret
Prickly Kebbit Deadfall Trapping 37 204 Bones, Kebbit Spikes
Razor-backed Kebbit Tracking 49 348 Bones, Raw Beast Meat, Old Boot, Long Kebbit Spikes **
Chinchompa Box Trapping 53 199 Chinchompa

From Picture Name Notes
Wild kebbit Kebbit claw At level 32 crafting you can use Kebbit claws on leather or dragonhide vambraces to give them an added +2 strength bonus.
Rabbit Rabbit’s foot Can be strung at level 37 crafting to make a rabbit-foot necklace, which greatly increases the chance of obtaining a bird’s nest whilst woodcutting.
Prickly kebbit Kebbit spikes Can be fletched to make kebbit bolts used with the Hunter Crossbow, and are akin to adamant...

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Array

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